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Gut hormones play a key and often overlooked role in weight loss and weight regulation. Changes in weight are determined largely by the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure, but gut hormones can affect both sides of the energy equation.

The range of endothelial interventions for peripheral artery disease (PAD) is proliferating. Today's choices include traditional balloon angioplasty, stents, drug eluting stents and fabric-covered stents. Newer technologies allow clinicians to cut out occlusions, freeze them, scrape them, laser them and kill them.

Surrogate endpoints in clinical trials (ie, hemoglobin [Hb] A1c) on which drug approvals may be based only explain narrow aspects of complex conditions. For this reason, even when using a drug as labeled, there is always a level of uncertainty over outcomes with the drug, said Saul Malozowski, MD, PhD, MPH.

Clinicians should be wary of health claims made for trace elements such as iron or chromium. While there is no doubt that trace elements are needed for health, there is significant doubt about their utility in preventing or curing diabetes and other diseases, said Eliseo Guallar, MD, DrPH, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore. There are many hypotheses about the beneficial effects of trace elements, but little high-quality data, little reliable population data, few useful biomarkers, relatively crude analytical methods and few mechanistic studies.

For the third month in a row the pharmacy posted on the wall in the back of the prescription department the pharmacy's success rate. This month the pharmacy's success rate (91%) broke a new barrier. It was cause for celebration.